• Policy Analysis
    IranRegional Relations and Geopolitics

    Hamas’s “Al-Aqsa Flood” Challenges Iran’s Axis of Resistance

    Nov 28, 2023Daniel Brumberg

    While the Biden administration, with Qatar’s support, has succeeded in securing a deal with Israel and Hamas for a combat “pause,” it remains to be seen if thi…

  • Policy Analysis
    The Arabian Peninsula and The GulfRegional Relations and Geopolitics

    GCC States and the War on Gaza: Positions, Perceptions, and Interests

    The war on Gaza has for all intents and purposes reinstated the centrality of the Palestinian issue to the regional and international politics of the Middle Ea…

  • External Readings
    Palestine/IsraelEnergy and Economics

    Israel’s Central Bank Governor Tries to Assure International Markets

    Nov 21, 2023Barhoum Jaraisi

    Last October, at a conference of the International Monetary Fund in the United States, the Governor of the Central Bank of Israel Amir Yaron sought to reassure…

  • Viewpoint
    LebanonConflicts and Conflict Resolution

    Hezbollah Reluctantly Awaits Israel’s Decision on War

    Nov 17, 2023Imad K. Harb

    The frontline on the Lebanese-Israeli border continues to witness the real skirmishes of an undeclared war between Israel and Hezbollah. Reciprocal attacks bet…

  • Policy Analysis
    Palestine/IsraelUS Foreign Policy

    Gaza, the Ruin of US Policy, and a Transformed Middle East

    Nov 16, 2023Charles W. Dunne

    The Biden administration must act quickly and offer specific plans and timelines to shape post-conflict expectations and establish its priorities with the part…

  • Policy Analysis
    LevantUS Foreign Policy

    US Military Presence in the Middle East: Deterrence and Retaliation

    The United States has recently bolstered its military presence in the Middle East as the Israeli war on Gaza escalated. Bolstering this presence is meant to de…

  • Policy Analysis
    SyriaRegional Relations and Geopolitics

    Does Syria Have a Role in the Israel-Hamas Conflict?

    Nov 6, 2023Patricia Karam

    As the war between Israel and Hamas rages, the Middle East is bracing for a wider, multi-front regional conflict that will have serious repercussions for the g…

  • Viewpoint
    Palestine/IsraelConflicts and Conflict Resolution

    Nasrallah Steers Clear of War

    Nov 3, 2023Imad K. Harb

    Where is Hezbollah and its General Secretary Hassan Nasrallah? This was a natural refrain over almost the last four weeks, voiced by many observers and partisa…

  • Policy Analysis
    Palestine/IsraelRegional Relations and Geopolitics

    Jordan Sees the War on Gaza in Existential Terms

    Nov 2, 2023Curtis Ryan

    Like other countries in the Middle East and around the world, Jordan has been rocked to its very core by the devastating news about the Gaza Strip and the late…

  • Policy Analysis
    Palestine/IsraelConflicts and Conflict Resolution

    Gaza and the Harbingers of Future Conflict

    Oct 30, 2023Nabeel A. Khoury

    The shock of civilian deaths in the latest Israel-Hamas conflagration is both a marker and a warning. It is a marker because for the first time Palestinians to…

  • Viewpoint
    Palestine/IsraelGlobal Health and Health Policy

    Palestinians Are Denied Humanity, Even after Death

    Oct 30, 2023Yara M. Asi

    On October 25, 2023, US President Joe Biden made the stunning and unprecedented statement that he had “no confidence in the number that the Palestinians are us…

  • Policy Analysis
    Palestine/IsraelGlobal Health and Health Policy

    “An Open-Air Graveyard”: The Unfolding Health Catastrophe in the Gaza Strip

    Oct 27, 2023Yara M. Asi

    It is impossible to count the number of reports, studies, press releases, and statements that have reported the unbearable conditions of life for Palestinians …

  • Policy Analysis
    Palestine/IsraelInternational Law

    Israel, Gaza, and the Laws of War

    Oct 27, 2023Jonathan Kuttab

    Addressing his troops as they amass to attack the Gaza Strip, Israel’s Minister of Defense Yoav Gallant publicly announced that the new Israeli war cabinet, wh…

  • Policy Analysis
    Palestine/IsraelConflicts and Conflict Resolution

    The Preliminary Fallout of the War on Gaza

    Oct 26, 2023Mada al-Carmel

    On the morning of Saturday, October 7, the Islamic Resistance Movement (Hamas) launched a surprise attack on Israel, targeting a string of military and civilia…

  • Policy Analysis
    IraqRegional Relations and Geopolitics

    Iraq, Sudani, and the War on Gaza

    Oct 25, 2023Rend Al-Rahim

    In the space of just over two weeks, Israel’s war on Gaza has upended Iraqi Prime Minister Mohammed Shai` al-Sudani’s year-long careful balancing of Iraq’s for…

  • Policy Analysis
    TurkeyRegional Relations and Geopolitics

    Erdoǧan’s Calculations as the Israel-Gaza Conflict Escalates

    Oct 25, 2023Mustafa Gurbuz

    On October 20, during Friday prayers at the historic Hagia Sophia Mosque in Istanbul, Ali Erbas, the head of Turkey's state-run religious affairs directorate, …

  • Policy Analysis
    Saudi ArabiaRegional Relations and Geopolitics

    Will Saudi Arabia Renew the “Arab Peace Initiative” as the Middle East Seethes?

    Oct 23, 2023Daniel Brumberg

    Whether Hamas’s October 7 assault has ended whatever prospects existed for forging diplomatic relations between Israel and Saudi Arabia remains to be seen. The…

  • Policy Analysis
    SyriaIdentity Politics and Sectarianization

    Syrian Kurds in an Increasingly Precarious Position

    Syrian Kurds associated with the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) are increasingly seeing their autonomous entity in northeastern Syria threatened by internal an…

  • Policy Analysis
    Palestine/IsraelUS Foreign Policy

    The War on Gaza: Deterrence or Inching toward Direct US Involvement?

    Oct 17, 2023Khalil E. Jahshan

    The official American position has passed through three phases in less than ten days. First, like Israel itself, Washington and its western allies suffered fro…

  • Policy Analysis
    Palestine/IsraelConflicts and Conflict Resolution

    A New Diplomatic Path Is Urgent after Gaza, But Without the Previous Mistakes

    Oct 16, 2023Charles W. Dunne

    The horrifying October 7 attack on Israel by Hamas militants has left the world aghast. The murder of Israelis (and Americans, French, Russians, Ukrainians, an…

  • Viewpoint
    Palestine/IsraelConflicts and Conflict Resolution

    The Unlikelihood of a Hezbollah-Israel War

    Oct 13, 2023Imad K. Harb

    As Israel turns to punish the Gaza Strip and its people for the Hamas attack on October 7, speculation arises as to whether the “Al-Aqsa Flood” operation will …

  • Viewpoint
    Palestine/IsraelMedia and Technology

    Disinformation and Hate Speech on Social Media Contribute to Inciting War Crimes Against Gaza

    Oct 13, 2023Tamara Kharroub

    During major events like violent conflict, there is a vacuum of verified and accurate information, as well as high interest and emotions. As the fog of war and…

  • Policy Analysis
    Palestine/IsraelRegional Relations and Geopolitics

    Saudi-Israeli Normalization and the Hamas Attack

    When Saudi Arabian Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman (MBS) sat down on September 20 with Brett Baier of Fox News for his first English-language television inter…

  • Policy Analysis
    Palestine/IsraelConflicts and Conflict Resolution

    The Hamas Attack on Israel: Context, Analysis, and Potential Repercussions

    On October 7, 2023, the Islamic Resistance Movement (better known by its Arabic-derived acronym, Hamas) launched a multifaceted surprise attack on Israel that …

  • Policy Analysis
    TurkeyEnergy and Economics

    Turkey’s Ambitions in Iraq Play Out in Kirkuk

    Oct 3, 2023Mustafa Gurbuz

    In late August, Iraqi Prime Minister Mohammed Shia’ al-Sudani stirred the pot of existing tensions when he ordered the evacuation of the Iraqi military’s Joint…

  • Viewpoint
    LevantUS Foreign Policy

    The Awkward Biden-Netanyahu Encounter Was a Dud

    Sep 22, 2023Khalil E. Jahshan

    Although the United States and Israel have enjoyed a uniquely close alliance since the latter’s declaration of statehood on May 14, 1948, the bilateral relatio…

  • Policy Analysis
    Palestine/IsraelEducation and Development

    Political Persecution of Palestinians Using the Education System and Israeli Universities

    Sep 21, 2023Mada al-Carmel

    Since the formation of Israeli Prime Minister Benyamin Netanyahu’s sixth government December 29, 2022, it has become clear—as outlined in previous papers from …

  • Policy Analysis
    LibyaRegional Relations and Geopolitics

    The Recent Libya-Israel Debacle Is Symptomatic of Larger Problems

    The controversy and severe public backlash surrounding news of a late-August meeting between the Libyan and Israeli foreign ministers in Rome is symptomatic of…

  • Policy Analysis
    Palestine/IsraelJustice, Equality, and Human Rights

    The International Criminal Court’s Failure to Hold Israel Accountable

    Sep 12, 2023Jonathan Kuttab

    Although the International Criminal Court was created by the Rome Statute in 1994, it has never successfully been used to hold Israel to account for its abuses…

  • Policy Analysis
    LevantEducation and Development

    The Politics of Palestinian Universities

    Sep 8, 2023Yara M. Asi

    Many have argued that in the absence of a unified Palestinian liberation movement, and even of the ability to participate in the current mechanisms of governan…

  • Policy Analysis
    LebanonIdentity Politics and Sectarianization

    The Threat of Renewed Sectarian Violence in Lebanon

    Sep 5, 2023Patricia Karam

    Two people were killed on August 9 in the village of Kahaleh in central Lebanon, in one of the deadliest shootouts since the bloody 2021 clashes in the Tayoune…

  • The Roundup
    Levant

    The Roundup

    Sep 1, 2023Sarah Salah

    The Roundup is a periodic summary curated by the Palestine/Israel Program at Arab Center Washington DC, bringing together recent and important fact-based repor…

  • Policy Analysis
    Palestine/IsraelUS Foreign Policy

    Assessing the Abraham Accords, Three Years On

    Aug 31, 2023Dana El Kurd

    Arab-Israeli normalization is one of those curious policy areas where the Biden administration has enthusiastically pursued its predecessor’s positions, even i…

  • Policy Analysis
    Saudi ArabiaUS Foreign Policy

    The Saudi-Israeli Normalization Gambit: Deal or No Deal?

    Aug 30, 2023Khalil E. Jahshan

    After weeks of conflicting accounts from columnists and journalists about the outcome of the Biden administration’s intensive shuttle diplomacy aimed at convin…

  • Policy Analysis
    LevantRegional Relations and Geopolitics

    How Steady Are China-Israel Relations?

    Aug 28, 2023Giorgio Cafiero

    The twenty-first century has witnessed China’s economic ascendancy in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). Its diplomatic influence in the region is growin…

  • Policy Analysis
    LevantUS Foreign Policy

    Israel Is Unlikely to Respect US Visa Waiver Program Rules

    Aug 22, 2023Zaha Hassan

    The United States recently announced that starting July 20, 2023, Israel would enter a trial period to determine whether it qualifies for admission into the US…

  • Policy Analysis
    Palestine/IsraelUS Foreign Policy

    Ending Military Aid to Israel: The Death of a Taboo?

    Aug 21, 2023Yousef Munayyer

    If there is one thing that characterizes American-Israeli relations more than any other it is US military aid to Israel, which currently amounts to nearly $4 b…

  • Policy Analysis
    Saudi ArabiaUS Foreign Policy

    US Negotiations for a Tripartite Agreement with Saudi Arabia and Israel: Context and Calculations

    Aug 14, 2023Arab Center for Research and Policy Studies

    Saudi Arabia and the United States are conducting complex negotiations in order to achieve a tripartite agreement that would include normalization between the …

  • Policy Analysis
    LebanonMigrants, Refugees, and IDPs

    The Plight and Politics of Syrian Refugees in Lebanon

    Aug 8, 2023Patricia Karam

    When Syria’s regime was readmitted into the Arab League and its president, Bashar al Assad, rehabilitated after years of ostracism for his brutal crackdown on …

  • Viewpoint
    Palestine/IsraelDemocracy and Governance

    The Persistent Illusion of Palestinian Reconciliation

    Representatives of 14 Palestinian political factions, including Fatah and Hamas, were invited to the Egyptian coastal city of El-Alamein on July 30, 2023 for r…

  • Policy Analysis
    TurkeyRegional Relations and Geopolitics

    Erdoğan Seeks Better Relations with the West after His Reelection

    Aug 7, 2023Salim Çevik

    Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan seems to have changed course on his country’s foreign relations. At the last NATO summit in Vilnius, Lithuania, he final…

  • Policy Analysis
    Palestine/IsraelDemocracy and Governance

    Fending for Themselves: The Palestinians and the Palestinian Authority

    Aug 3, 2023Yara M. Asi

    On July 3, 2023, Israeli forces raided the city of Jenin in the occupied West Bank, with a specific focus on the refugee camp that borders the municipality. Th…

  • Policy Analysis
    LevantConflicts and Conflict Resolution

    Hamas’s Balancing Act vis-a-vis Israel

    Jul 28, 2023Jehad Abusalim

    Continuing tensions in Palestine/Israel have led to two significant military clashes between Israel and Palestinian factions in the Gaza Strip in recent years.…

  • Viewpoint
    LevantUS Foreign Policy

    Americans Opt for a Democratic Israel, Not a Jewish State

    Jul 20, 2023Imad K. Harb

    The University of Maryland and Ipsos conducted a “Critical Issues Poll” from June 21 to 27 to probe Americans’ views on Israel, Zionism, and anti-Semitism. The…

  • Policy Analysis
    North AfricaSecurity and Defense

    The Fate of the Wagner Group in Syria, Libya, and Sudan

    The failed mutiny by Yevgeny Prigozhin has put the fate of his Wagner Group doubt, not only in Ukraine but in several Arab states as well.

  • Policy Analysis
    LevantJustice, Equality, and Human Rights

    US Visa Waiver Program: Israel Will Not Reciprocate

    Jul 10, 2023Jonathan Kuttab

    The United States Visa Waiver Program (VWP) permits, on a reciprocal basis, the entry of citizens of about 40 countries for 90 days for business or tourism wit…

  • Policy Analysis
    Palestine/IsraelJustice, Equality, and Human Rights

    Israel’s Attack on Jenin Refugee Camp: The Next Stage of Apartheid

    Jul 5, 2023Yousef Munayyer

    The Jenin refugee camp sits adjacent to the Palestinian city of Jenin in the north of the occupied West Bank. The camp’s registered population numbers around 2…

  • Policy Analysis
    Palestine/IsraelInternational Law

    Israel’s Practices and Its “Respect” for Jordan’s Role in Jerusalem: A Legal Study

    Jun 27, 2023Anis Fawzi Kassim

    Many observers have objected to the Abraham Accords that were signed between Israel and various Arab states, each for their own reasons. I myself staunchly opp…

  • Policy Analysis
    LevantConflicts and Conflict Resolution

    A Soft “Status Quo”: The Gradual Collapse of the Jewish Religious Prohibition on Entering Jerusalem’s Noble Sanctuary

    Jun 22, 2023Honaida Ghanim

    The “Status Quo” around Jerusalem’s Noble Sanctuary (al-Haram al-Sharif) has become part of the general discourse since the Israeli occupation of the West Bank…

  • Policy Analysis
    TurkeyDemocracy and Governance

    The Erdoğan Doctrine in the Wake of Turkey’s Elections

    Jun 22, 2023Mustafa Gurbuz

    When Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan announced his new cabinet following his victory in the May 2023 presidential election, a positive mood ensued. Turk…

  • Policy Analysis
    LebanonDemocracy and Governance

    The Continuation of Lebanon’s Presidential Debacle

    Jun 21, 2023Patricia Karam

    It should come as no surprise to Lebanese citizens or the international community that the country remains without a president after more than 7 months and 12 …

  • Policy Analysis
    Saudi ArabiaRegional Relations and Geopolitics

    The Jeddah Arab League Summit: MBS’s Final Crowning

    May 31, 2023Imad K. Harb

    The 32nd Arab League Summit was little more than the final crowning of Saudi Arabia’s Crown Prince as the leader of the current Arab political order.

  • Policy Analysis
    LevantClimate and Environment

    Water Politics in the Tigris-Euphrates Basin

    May 30, 2023Achref Chibani

    While energy security and the control of oil have long been determining factors for geopolitical conflict in the Middle East, the region’s geopolitics have als…

  • Policy Analysis
    TurkeyDemocracy and Governance

    Turkish Elections in a Post-Truth Political Landscape

    May 24, 2023Mustafa Gurbuz

    The scene was all too familiar in the headquarters of Turkey’s Justice and Development Party (AKP) on the day of the recent Turkish election. Giant portraits o…

  • Policy Analysis
    Palestine/IsraelUS Foreign Policy

    Democrats and Republicans’ Positions on Israel Ahead of the 2024 Election

    Although relations with Israel are usually foreign policy talking points for American politicians ahead of national elections, it seems that the issue has come…

  • Policy Analysis
    Palestine/IsraelMigrants, Refugees, and IDPs

    The Nakba’s Coming Stages: Patterns, Process, and Predictability

    May 15, 2023Yousef Munayyer

    The Nakba, a term that describes events in Palestine surrounding the establishment of the State of Israel from 1947 to 1949, which included the ethnic cleansin…

  • Policy Analysis
    LevantJustice, Equality, and Human Rights

    Young Palestinians’ Aspirations for the Future

    May 15, 2023Yara M. Asi

    One night in December 2022, 15-year-old Jana Zakarneh was at home with her family in the occupied West Bank city of Jenin. The night probably began like any ot…

  • Policy Analysis
    Palestine/IsraelJustice, Equality, and Human Rights

    Seventy-Five Years after the Nakba: What Does the Future Hold?

    May 15, 2023Mohammed Abu-Nimer Nadia Hijab Dalal Iriqat Khalil E. Jahshan

    As Israel celebrates the 75th anniversary of its founding in 1948, the Palestinians commemorate the same number of years since the Nakba, the catastrophe, that…

  • Policy Analysis
    SudanConflicts and Conflict Resolution

    The Sudan Crisis: How Regional Actors’ Competing Interests Fuel the Conflict

    May 11, 2023Khalil Al-Anani

    The outbreak of military clashes between the Sudanese Army and the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF), which have resulted in the deaths of hundreds and t…

  • Policy Analysis
    TurkeyDemocracy and Governance

    Turkey’s Upcoming Elections: A Country at a Crossroads

    May 10, 2023Salim Çevik

    On May 14, Turkey will be heading to the polls for what many have deemed the most important election of 2023. For the first time in two decades, President Rece…

  • Policy Analysis
    LebanonWomen & Gender Issues

    The Harrowing State of Women’s Rights in Lebanon

    May 1, 2023Rola El-Husseini Dean

    The problems facing women in Lebanon today have been further complicated by the financial, economic, and social crises that have been affecting the country sin…

  • Policy Analysis
    The Arab WorldGlobal Health and Health Policy

    Challenges Facing the Arab World’s Health Care Professionals

    Apr 26, 2023Yara M. Asi

    In 2022, the Egyptian Medical Syndicate released a shocking report, finding that over 10,000 Egyptian doctors resigned from positions in government hospitals d…

  • Policy Analysis
    LevantConflicts and Conflict Resolution

    Israel’s Normalization with Arab States Slows as Repression of Palestinians Rises

    Israel’s extreme right-wing government and its draconian policies toward the Palestinians have slowed down efforts to expand the so-called Abraham Accords, a p…

  • Policy Analysis
    SyriaJustice, Equality, and Human Rights

    What Does Normalization with Assad Mean for Accountability and a Political Resolution?

    Apr 18, 2023Patricia Karam

    Against the backdrop of Syria’s impending return to the Arab fold, French judges this month ordered three high-ranking Syrian intelligence officers to stand tr…

  • Policy Analysis
    LevantReligion and Politics

    On the Struggle Between the Founding Colonialists and the New Colonialists of Israel

    Apr 14, 2023Honaida Ghanim

    Israel today is witnessing an unprecedented internal struggle that has split Israeli society into two contentious groups separated by what is, at least at the …

  • Policy Analysis
    LevantUS Foreign Policy

    The United States’ Weak Response to the Netanyahu Government

    In December of last year, Benjamin Netanyahu once again returned to the position of prime minister in Israel, leading a new far-right governing coalition that …

  • Policy Analysis
    LevantReligion and Politics

    Evangelical Diversity and Support for Israel

    Apr 11, 2023Mimi Kirk

    Earlier this year, two ultra-Orthodox lawmakers in the Israeli Knesset, United Torah Judaism’s Moshe Gafni and Yaakov Asher, submitted a bill that would make r…

  • Policy Analysis
    LevantJustice, Equality, and Human Rights

    Israel’s Policy of Fragmentation Harms Palestinian Hopes for a Sovereign State

    Apr 6, 2023Jonathan Kuttab

    Recent reports by Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch, Israeli human rights organization B’Tselem, and others have labeled Israel an apartheid state. Thi…

  • Policy Analysis
    Palestine/IsraelJustice, Equality, and Human Rights

    Discrimination Fuels Intra-Palestinian Violence and Crime in Israel

    Mar 30, 2023Yara M. Asi

    In recent weeks, it has been impossible to miss the protests taking place in Israel against proposed judicial reforms laid out by the country’s new extreme rig…

  • Policy Analysis
    IranSecurity and Defense

    Iran’s Nuclear Program Poses Challenges for China and the United States

    Mar 29, 2023Daniel Brumberg

    Now that China has brokered a renewal of relations between Iran and Saudi Arabia, it must translate that achievement into real tangible benefits. After all, fo…

  • Policy Analysis
    TurkeyConflicts and Conflict Resolution

    Obstacles to a Turkey-Syria Reconciliation

    Mar 29, 2023Salim Çevik

    Syrian President Bashar al-Assad paid an important visit to Moscow in mid-March 2023. One of the main agenda items was the Turkish-Syrian reconciliation that R…

  • Policy Analysis
    SyriaRegional Relations and Geopolitics

    Arab States Are Normalizing with Syria’s Assad Regime

    Taking advantage of the devastating earthquake that ravaged parts of northwestern Syria in February, Syrian President Bashar al-Assad has tried to use the trag…

  • Policy Analysis
    EgyptUS Foreign Policy

    US Middle East Policy: The Trump-Biden Doctrine in Action

    Mar 22, 2023Charles W. Dunne

    All US presidents, it seems, need their own foreign policy “doctrine.” President James Monroe famously started the trend in 1823, and many others—Truman, Eisen…

  • Policy Analysis
    LebanonRegional Relations and Geopolitics

    Lebanon and Syria and the Saudi-Iran Detente

    Mar 21, 2023Imad K. Harb

    The recent China-brokered agreement between Saudi Arabia and the Islamic Republic of Iran is expected to have a de-escalating effect on many issues in the Midd…

  • Policy Analysis
    SyriaMigrants, Refugees, and IDPs

    Politics, Displacement, and the Human Toll of the Recent Earthquake in Syria

    Mar 15, 2023Heba Gowayed

    On February 6, 2023, the earth shifted at the fault line that runs along the Turkey-Syria border, resulting in a 7.8 magnitude earthquake, which was followed j…

  • Policy Analysis
    LebanonDemocracy and Governance

    A New Model for Presidential Elections in Lebanon

    Mar 9, 2023Patricia Karam

    It has been four months since former Lebanese President Michel Aoun left office in October 2022, after a presidential term marred by a series of catastrophic e…

  • Policy Analysis
    Palestine/IsraelViolent Extremism

    The Rapid and Predictable Rise of Israeli Settler Violence Against Palestinians

    Mar 8, 2023Yara M. Asi

    Huwwara is a small town outside of Nablus that, largely due to its location on a prominent route in the occupied West Bank, has been subject to a significant I…

  • Policy Analysis
    OmanRegional Relations and Geopolitics

    Walking a Tightrope: Oman and Normalization with Israel

    Mar 7, 2023Imad K. Harb

    As the mechanisms of normalization between Israel and the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Morocco, and Sudan continue to take shape, other Arab states are ponde…

  • Intern Corner
    LevantMigrants, Refugees, and IDPs

    Disaster Politics and Earthquake Diplomacy in Syria and Turkey

    Mar 6, 2023Fadi Hilani

    The earthquake must not be an opportunity for Assad’s regime to rehabilitate itself in the eyes of the international community; nor should it be an opening for…

  • Viewpoint
    Palestine/IsraelUS Foreign Policy

    The Aqaba Joint Communique Dies in Huwwara

    Feb 28, 2023Khalil E. Jahshan

    On Sunday, February 26, 2023, the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan hosted Israeli, Palestinian, Egyptian, and US officials in Aqaba, Jordan to try to stem the worri…